Adhän – Adhän is the call to prayer. When Adhän is heard, it means that the time for prayer is approaching. The call is made before obligatory Prayers. Muadhdhin (the caller) calls out the words loudly from a point in the mosque that his call is heard far and wide in the neighborhood of the mosque or the venue of the Prayer.

Iqämah – Iqämah is recited loudly, preferably by the muadhdhin, or a person in the congregation, just before the start of the obligatory part of the Prayer which is lead by the imäm, the person leading the Prayer.

Niyyah – Declaration of intention to engage in Prayer. Recited before a set of Prayers.

Qa’dah – Sitting down with folded left foot folded and the right foot straight up.

Qiyäm – Standing upright in Prayer.

Rukü – Bending forward with hands on knees.

Sajdah – Forehead touching the ground, hands flat on the sides, elbows raised up, knees on the ground.

Surah Al-Fätiha – The opening chapter of the Holy Qur’an. Must be recited in every rak’ah.

Surah Al-Ikhläs – Can be substituted by other chapters or verses from the Holy Qur’an.

Ta’awwudh – Seeking protection from God against Satan.

Takbir – Procaliming the Supremacy of the Almighty at the start and during the Prayer while changing posture.

Thanä – Glorification of the Almighty.